What does the term "checks and balances" refer to?

The term "checks and balances" specifically refers to a system designed to ensure that no one branch of government becomes too powerful. This system involves the three branches of government: the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. Each branch has specific powers and responsibilities, and they can exercise influence over one another to maintain balance.

For example, the legislative branch makes laws, but the executive branch has the power to veto those laws. Additionally, the judicial branch can review laws to ensure they comply with the Constitution. This interdependence creates a framework where each branch has the ability to check the powers of the others, thus preventing any single branch from gaining excessive authority.

By having overlapping powers and the ability to hold each other accountable, checks and balances uphold the principles of democracy and protect individual rights.